Data Collection Pediatric HIV Infection

Questions: 1.To find out number of women having knowledge about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its transmission? 2.To identify the factors influencing the uptake of antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT? 3.To determine availability of specialized staff and services for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV? Answers: 1. Number of women with knowledge about HIV, its transmission, and ARV Knowledge on HIV includes the cause of the infection, how it is transmitted, how it can be prevented and its treatment options (Antony, Dermot, and Stephen, 2004). Table 1.1: The table below illustrates the statistics of the total population of women who are aware of HIV, its transmission, and ART Description Below 16 20-29 30-29 40-49 50 and above Total 3.1 Total number of women who know about HIV/AIDS 3.2 Total number of women who acknowledged that it is transmitted from person to person 3.3 Total number of women who said HIV could not be transmitted from mother to infant via the placenta 3.4 Total number of women who said HIV has treatment 3.5 Total number of women who know about antiretroviral therapy 3.6 Total number of women who know what ARVs do 3.7 Total number of women who know how to use ARV 3.8 Total number of women who know that ARVs do not cure HIV 3.9 Total number of women who know how to take antiretroviral drugs 2. Factors that influence uptake of ART for PMTCT The factors that influence the uptake of antiretroviral drugs spiral from religious beliefs, educational status of the person in question, their occupation, their income, the working hours that determines how the drugs are taken or scheduled to be taken, the person knowledge on the antiretroviral therapy and whether the person gets support from the health professionals and other organizations (Federal Ministry of Health, 2005). These are the determining factors on whether ART will be taken for PMTCT or not. It is expected that a large proportion of the population on ART will be literate, employed by the government or in private sectors, have an income of more than 1000 Pula and receive support from health professionals and other organizations (Kevin, 2007). Table 1.2: The table below illustrates the total number of women who take ART and their distribution in various dimensions affecting the uptake of ART for PMTCT Religion Education Occupation Income Working time Support Catholic Illiterate Government 1000 8hrs/ Health Protestant Primary Private 1000 8hrs Organizations Islam High School Self employed Unknown Others Higher Secondary Unemployed Graduate Total Total Total Total Total Total 3. Availability of specialized staff and services for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV Specialized staff in this sense refers to the health care professionals and those that work closely with them in any health facility who are equipped with in-depth knowledge of HIV and ART therapy. The services that help prevent mother to child transmission of HIV include services like counseling and testing for HIV in the antenatal clinic, issuing of antiretroviral therapy to the seropositive mothers, monitoring the CD4 count of infected mothers to determine the drugs to be used, administration of NVP to 28 weeks pregnant women and during labor to prevent mother to infant transmission (American Academy of Pediatrics, 1999), administration of NVP to 2-3 days old babies born to HIV-infected mothers to prevent HIV manifestation (Julia, Ralph and Catherine, 2006) encouraging artificial feeding for babies born to mothers with HIV(Coovadia and Rollins, 2009) and always relying information regarding ART to the infected mothers. Table 1.3: The table below illustrates the statics of availability of specialized staff and services for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Description Total 3b. 1 Total number of women who were counseled for HIV test during antenatal clinic 2 Total number of women who were tested for HIV during antenatal clinic 4 Total number of HIV [positive women who received antiretroviral therapy 6a Total number of women with CD4 count below 200 cells/mm3 6b Total number of women with CD4 count between 200-499 cells/mm3 6c Total number of women with CD4 count above or equal to 500 cells/mm3 7 Total number of women who agreed that NVP should be given after delivery 8 Total number of women who acknowledged that NVP should be given to the baby 3 days after delivery 9 Total number of women who used artificial feeding as the preferred mode of infant feeding 4.1 Total number of women who concurred that they always received information on ART from the health facility 4.2 Total number of women who named the health profession 4.4 Total number of women who acknowledged that they received in-depth information (4.4.1-4.4.8) on ART 5a Total number of women who cited that the information they received from the health care professionals was educative on all aspects (5a.1 5a.11) 5b A Total number of women who agreed that all the information from 5b.1 to 5b.7 on ART was covered. References Harries. A.D., Maher. D. and Graham S. (2004). TB/HIV: A Clinical Manual, 28 Federal Ministry of Health. (2005) Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral (ARV) Drugs in Nigeria Lunney M. K. (2007). Preventing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Through Breastfeeding: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Mastitis, Viral Load and Early Cessation American Academy of Pediatrics. (1999). Pediatric HIV Infection; a compendium of AAP guidelines on pediatric HIV infection, 162 McMillan A. J., Feigin D.R. and DeAngelis C. (2006). Oskis Pediatrics: Principle and Practice, 958 Coovadia H. M. and Rollins N. C. (2009). Maternal and Child Health; Global Challenges, Programs, and policies, 278